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This paper details the design and implementation of a custom ESP32 based flight controller for autonomous quadcopter operations. Commercial flight controllers typically function as closed source black boxes. They restrict flexibility for embedded systems research and specialized UAV development. We developed an open flight control architecture using the ESP32 WROOM 32D dual core microcontroller and an MPU6050 inertial measurement unit. The system executes a Complementary Filter for accurate sensor fusion and a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control matrix for real time stabilization. We integrated a digital Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) low pass filter. It attenuates high frequency kinetic noise generated by the 1000KV brushless DC propulsion system. The main flight loop runs deterministically at 250 Hz. It receives localized spatial setpoints via a low latency UART and Bluetooth serial bridge. Empirical testing confirmed stable attitude tracking, zero steady state gyroscopic drift, and fast transient response during manual step input disturbances. The architecture establishes a computationally efficient bare metal platform ready for terminal interception tasks and future computer vision integration via edge computing devices.
"Design and Development of an ESP32-Based UAV Flight Controller", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2456-3315, Vol.11, Issue 5, page no.a701-a706, May-2026, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2605086.pdf
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2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator