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Impact Factor : 8.14

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Paper Title: Acoustic Variation and Social Transmission in Functionally Referential Food Calls of Macaca mulatta in Chitrakoot Region Satna, M.P.
Authors Name: Surya Kant Chaturvedi , Bhawana Jaiswal , Shalini Singh
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IJRTI_210397
Published Paper Id: IJRTI2603050
Published In: Volume 11 Issue 3, March-2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.56975/ijrti.v11i3.210397
Abstract: Vocal communication in nonhuman primates provides critical insight into the evolutionary foundations of language and social cognition. The present study investigates acoustic variation and potential social transmission in functionally referential food calls of Macaca mulatta inhabiting the Chitrakoot region of Satna District, Madhya Pradesh, India. Field observations and acoustic recordings were conducted across multiple troops to examine context-specific call production, structural variability, and patterns of intra- and inter-group similarity. Acoustic parameters including call duration, fundamental frequency, peak frequency, bandwidth, and harmonic structure were quantified using bioacoustics software PRAAT. Multivariate analyses were employed to assess whether call structure varied according to food type, social context, and group membership. Results indicate significant acoustic differentiation associated with specific food categories, supporting the functional referentiality of food calls. Furthermore, greater acoustic similarity was observed within troops than between geographically separated groups, suggesting the influence of social learning or group-level vocal convergence. Juveniles exhibited greater variability in call structure compared to adults, indicating possible ontogenetic refinement through social exposure. These findings provide evidence for vocal plasticity and socially mediated acoustic modulation in Macaca mulatta, contributing to ongoing debates regarding the extent of vocal learning in cercopithecine primates. The study enhances understanding of primate communication systems and offers important implications for the evolutionary precursors of human speech.
Keywords: Acoustic Variation, Social Transmission, Referential Food Calls
Cite Article: "Acoustic Variation and Social Transmission in Functionally Referential Food Calls of Macaca mulatta in Chitrakoot Region Satna, M.P.", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2456-3315, Vol.11, Issue 3, page no.a403-a411, March-2026, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2603050.pdf
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ISSN: 2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator
Publication Details: Published Paper ID: IJRTI2603050
Registration ID:210397
Published In: Volume 11 Issue 3, March-2026
DOI (Digital Object Identifier): https://doi.org/10.56975/ijrti.v11i3.210397
Page No: a403-a411
Country: Satna, Madhya Pradesh, India
Research Area: Life Sciences 
Publisher : IJ Publication
Published Paper URL : https://www.ijrti.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJRTI2603050
Published Paper PDF: https://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2603050
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ISSN: 2456-3315
Impact Factor: 8.14 and ISSN APPROVED, Journal Starting Year (ESTD) : 2016

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