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Visual impairment poses significant challenges to the mobility, independence, and social engagement of over 338 million individuals worldwide. Traditional assistive aids, such as white canes and guide dogs, while invaluable, are fundamentally limited in their ability to detect head-level obstacles or provide the rich environmental information necessary for complex tasks like autonomous navigation. This paper charts the technological evolution from early sensor-based electronic travel aids to modern AI-powered wearable systems that are redefining the landscape of assistive technology. We specifically examine contemporary approaches, such as a hat-mounted system that leverages a Raspberry Pi and Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), to deliver real-time object recognition and rich contextual understanding via an LVLM, complemented by a separate ultrasonic sensor for basic obstacle avoidance alerts. This review provides a comparative analysis of a range of existing systems, deconstructs their key technological components, and evaluates their effectiveness from both a technical and user-centric perspective. The paper’s primary contribution is the critical identification of persistent challenges—including model accuracy and hallucinations, user cognitive load, and social acceptance—and the articulation of future imperatives for developing the next generation of assistive technologies. These imperatives call for more powerful, personalized, and on-device AI that is co-designed with users to be robust, user-friendly, and socially responsible.
Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Assistive Technology, Computer Vision, Visually Impaired, Deep Learning, Multimodal Large Language Models, Edge AI, Accessibility Systems
Cite Article:
"A Comprehensive Review on NaVeYe: A Smart Assistive Device for Visually Impaired Individuals", International Journal of Science & Engineering Development Research (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.10, Issue 10, page no.b264-b269, October-2025, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2510131.pdf
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ISSN:
2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator