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The Cold War's end brought about a new era in global security, with opportunities for new cooperative methods in arms control and disarmament. In this context, Track II diplomacy is informal discussions between academics, policy experts, past officials and civil society organizations has proved to be a useful complement to official diplomacy. This paper discusses the changing nature of Track II diplomacy in the context of promoting disarmament efforts worldwide since 1991. It follows the contribution of unofficial diplomatic channels in providing opportunities for dialogue, developing policy ideas, building confidence among stakeholders and supporting negotiations on key arms control treaties, such as the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaties (START), the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) and the Treaty on the Prohibition of nuclear weapons (TPNW). The study uses descriptive and analytical methods, secondary sources of qualitative research, to analyse the effectiveness, opportunities and limitations of Track II diplomacy in the evolving international security scenario. The paper suggests that while Track II does not supplant formal diplomatic talks, it can help to establish rapport, diffusion of norms, expert-level interaction and overcoming political impasses that can prevent official diplomacy to move forward. It also underscores the importance of Track II in meeting new challenges of cyber weapons, artificial intelligence, autonomous weapon systems and new great-power competition. The study concludes that strengthening the cooperation between official and non-official diplomatic efforts is fundamental to realize sustainable global disarmament and improve peace and security in the 21st century.
Keywords:
Arms Control, Civil Society, Constructivism, Diplomacy, Disarmament, International Security, Nuclear Non-Proliferation, Peacebuilding, Track II
Cite Article:
"ROLE OF TRACK II DIPLOMACY IN DISARMAMENT FROM 1991 TILL TODAY", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2456-3315, Vol.11, Issue 6, page no.b225-b230, June-2026, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2606135.pdf
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2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator