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ISSN Approved Journal No: 2456-3315 | Impact factor: 8.14 | ESTD Year: 2016
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Impact Factor : 8.14

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Paper Title: A Comprehensive Review of Deep and Hybrid Machine Learning Algorithms for Age and Gender Prediction
Authors Name: Krishna Vamshi , Neha Saravanan , Shreya Nagendra , Prashant P Patavardhan
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Published Paper Id: IJRTI2606117
Published In: Volume 11 Issue 6, June-2026
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Abstract: Computer vision based age and gender prediction has become essential in fields such as security, healthcare and social media analytics. This review examines key studies (2016–2024) that employ deep and hybrid machine learning models using facial and ocular data. The explored architectures include Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Residual Attention Networks (GRA_Net), CAFFE- modified MobileNet V2 (CMNV2), Deep Class-Encoders, Deep Iris CNNs ,hybrid CNN–SVM and IoT-based systems. Experimental results across major datasets—Adience, FG-NET, UTKFace, AFAD, CASIA-WebFace and ND- GFI—show gender classification accuracies ranging from 91% to 99.8%, with Mean Abso-lute Error (MAE) for age estimation as low as 2.39 years. Eye- focused CNNs achieved up to 98.8% accuracy, highlighting the potential of ocular modalities. The paper synthesizes advances in network design, preprocessing and hybrid integration while addressing persistent challenges, including dataset bias, model interpretability and real-world deployment feasibility. Recent review studies highlight hybrid learning challenges under occlusion and device variability.
Keywords: Age estimation · Gender prediction · Deep learning · Hybrid machine learning ·Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) · Residual networks · Attention mechanism · Internet of Things(IoT)· Biometrics
Cite Article: "A Comprehensive Review of Deep and Hybrid Machine Learning Algorithms for Age and Gender Prediction", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2456-3315, Vol.11, Issue 6, page no.b98-b106, June-2026, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2606117.pdf
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ISSN: 2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator
Publication Details: Published Paper ID: IJRTI2606117
Registration ID:213624
Published In: Volume 11 Issue 6, June-2026
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Page No: b98-b106
Country: Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Research Area: Engineering
Publisher : IJ Publication
Published Paper URL : https://www.ijrti.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJRTI2606117
Published Paper PDF: https://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2606117
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ISSN: 2456-3315
Impact Factor: 8.14 and ISSN APPROVED, Journal Starting Year (ESTD) : 2016

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