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Human trafficking represents one of the gravest violations of human rights, undermining the dignity, liberty, and security of individuals across the globe. This paper critically examines human trafficking as a multifaceted human rights issue through a doctrinal analysis of international legal norms and Indian legal mechanisms. It explores the various forms of trafficking, including sexual exploitation, organ trade, forced labour, domestic servitude, and trafficking for marriage and adoption, while identifying key socio-economic, political, and technological factors that perpetuate this crime.
The study analyses the impact of trafficking on victims, highlighting severe physical, psychological, and social consequences, often resulting in long-term trauma and marginalization. It further evaluates the constitutional and statutory framework in India, including provisions under the Indian Penal Code, the Constitution, the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, and other protective legislations aimed at vulnerable groups such as women, children, and marginalised communities.
At the international level, the paper examines key human rights frameworks such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenants, and child protection conventions, which collectively establish a global framework against trafficking. The role of the judiciary in India is also critically assessed, emphasizing its proactive approach in interpreting fundamental rights and ensuring victim protection and rehabilitation.
The study concludes by suggesting the need for stronger enforcement, better coordination among authorities, victim-centric rehabilitation measures, and increased public awareness. It argues that despite comprehensive legal frameworks, effective implementation and a rights-based approach remain crucial to combating human trafficking and safeguarding human dignity.
Keywords:
Keywords: Human Trafficking, International Law, Indian Legal Framework, Human Rights.
Cite Article:
"Human Trafficking as a Violation of Human Rights: A Critical Study of International Norms and Indian Legal Mechanisms", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2456-3315, Vol.11, Issue 5, page no.a264-a271, May-2026, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2605032.pdf
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ISSN:
2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator