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International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation
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ISSN Approved Journal No: 2456-3315 | Impact factor: 8.14 | ESTD Year: 2016
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Impact Factor : 8.14
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| Paper Title: | COLLECTIVE BARGAINING |
| Authors Name: | PRASHITHA.P , BALASANKARI.V , JANAKI.S |
| Download E-Certificate: | Download |
| Author Reg. ID: |
IJRTI_208209
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| Published Paper Id: | IJRTI2512013 |
| Published In: | Volume 10 Issue 12, December-2025 |
| DOI: | |
| Abstract: | Collective bargaining is a fundamental mechanism of industrial relations through which employers and employees negotiate the terms and conditions of employment. Originating in the early twentieth century and later recognized by the International Labour Organisation, it promotes industrial democracy by enabling workers to collectively influence workplace policies with dignity and autonomy. The process involves structured negotiations on wages, benefits, working conditions, job security, and grievance redressal, ultimately culminating in legally binding agreements. Indian jurisprudence, through cases such as Karol Leather Karamchari Sangathan v. Liberty Foot Wear Company and Industrial Tribunal v. Ram Prasad Vishwakarma, underscores collective bargaining as a peaceful and cooperative method of resolving employment disputes. The Supreme Court in Chairman, SBI v. All Orissa State Bank Officers Association further clarified the representational rights of unions within this framework. Collective bargaining not only enhances worker rights and workplace standards but also contributes to productivity, stability, and harmonious labor–management relations. While it empowers employees by giving them a collective voice, it may also face challenges such as negotiation deadlocks and rigidity in implementation. Overall, collective bargaining remains an essential instrument for achieving fairness, cooperation, and balance in the employment relationship. |
| Keywords: | Collective bargaining,Industrial relations,Trade unions,Negotiation,Workers’ rights,Employment conditions,Wage determination,Industrial democracy,Labour law,Grievance redressal,Productivity,Labour–management cooperation,Collective bargaining agreement (CBA),Industrial disputes,Workplace harmony |
| Cite Article: | "COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.10, Issue 12, page no.a90-a97, December-2025, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2512013.pdf |
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2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016 An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator |
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Published Paper ID: IJRTI2512013
Registration ID:208209
Published In: Volume 10 Issue 12, December-2025
DOI (Digital Object Identifier):
Page No: a90-a97 Country: TRICHY, TAMIL NADU, INDIA Research Area: Other Publisher : IJ Publication Published Paper URL : https://www.ijrti.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJRTI2512013 Published Paper PDF: https://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2512013 |
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ISSN: 2456-3315
Impact Factor: 8.14 and ISSN APPROVED,
Journal Starting Year (ESTD) : 2016
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