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This meta-analysis explores how common neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Intellectual Disability (ID), and Learning Disabilities (LDs)—are among children and adolescents (ages 3 months to 18 years) in both South Asian and Western regions. Drawing from over 40 peer-reviewed studies published between 2000 and 2025, the research used rigorous search methods across major databases like PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and regional health sources, ensuring at least 10 studies per disorder were included.
The analysis found significantly higher rates of these disorders in Western countries (ASD: 1–3%, ADHD: 5–10%, LDs: 5–15%, ID: ~1%) compared to South Asia, where reported rates were much lower (ASD: 0.1–1%, ADHD: 1–3%, LDs: 1–5%, ID: 0.5–2%). Stark differences were especially noted in areas like Jammu & Kashmir, India, where data suggests many cases go unreported due to limited screening and diagnostic resources.
Several factors appear to drive these regional differences, including variations in diagnostic standards (DSM-5 vs. ICD-10), healthcare access, public awareness, cultural stigma, and socioeconomic conditions. Service availability mapping shows a clear gap—South Asia faces critical shortages of child mental health professionals, early intervention centers, and inclusive education options compared to more developed systems in the U.S., Europe, and Australia.
This study highlights the pressing need for standardized diagnostic tools, nationwide prevalence surveys, and investment in support services for children with NDDs across South Asia. It calls for improved healthcare infrastructure, school-based screening programs, and culturally tailored intervention models.
Keywords:
• “Neurodevelopmental disorders” • “ASD prevalence South Asia/Western countries” • “ADHD epidemiology” • “Intellectual disability in children” • “Learning disabilities in schools” • “Jammu and Kashmir autism prevalence”
Cite Article:
"Prevalence and Diagnostic Discrepancies of Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Cross-Regional Meta-Analysis from Infancy to Adolescence", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.10, Issue 9, page no.a875-a882, September-2025, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2509099.pdf
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ISSN:
2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator