ISSN2456-3315
Impact Factor10.57
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ESTD2016
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Paper Title
Assessment of Household Detergents: A Comparative Study on pH, Solubility, Surface Activity, and Cleaning Action
Authors
Swati Vilhekar , Aditya Unavane
Keywords
Detergent, Surface tension, Foaming stability, Critical micelle concentration, Cleaning performance, Solubility
Abstract
Detergent powders are widely used in Indian households, yet their actual performance often differs from the claims made during marketing. In this study, six commonly available brands—Rin, Wheel, Henko, Surf Excel, Tide, and Ariel—were evaluated on several physicochemical and cleaning parameters. The analysis included pH measurement, solubility, foaming stability, surface tension, conductivity, critical micelle concentration (CMC), and practical cleaning action on stained fabrics. Results revealed that all tested detergents were alkaline in nature and highly soluble, though variations were observed in residue content and foaming ability. Significant differences in surface tension and CMC values highlighted the role of surfactant composition in overall cleaning efficiency. Among the tested products, Surf Excel and Ariel consistently demonstrated superior performance across multiple parameters. The findings provide useful insights for consumers in selecting appropriate detergents and contribute to understanding the relationship between formulation and cleaning action.
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IJRTI — journal style
"Assessment of Household Detergents: A Comparative Study on pH, Solubility, Surface Activity, and Cleaning Action", IJRTI - International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2456-3315, Vol.10, Issue 9, page no.a118-a125, September-2025, Available :https://ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2509014.pdf
APA — 7th edition
Vilhekar, S., & Unavane, A. (2025). Assessment of Household Detergents: A Comparative Study on pH, Solubility, Surface Activity, and Cleaning Action. International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation, 10(9), a118-a125. https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2509014
MLA — 9th edition
Vilhekar, Swati, and Aditya Unavane. "Assessment of Household Detergents: A Comparative Study on pH, Solubility, Surface Activity, and Cleaning Action." International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation, vol. 10, no. 9, 2025, pp. a118-a125, https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2509014.
Chicago — 17th, bibliography
Vilhekar, Swati, and Aditya Unavane. "Assessment of Household Detergents: A Comparative Study on pH, Solubility, Surface Activity, and Cleaning Action." International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation 10, no. 9 (2025): a118-a125. https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2509014.
Harvard — author–date
Vilhekar, S. and Unavane, A. (2025) 'Assessment of Household Detergents: A Comparative Study on pH, Solubility, Surface Activity, and Cleaning Action', International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation, 10(9), pp. a118-a125. Available at: https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2509014
IEEE — numbered reference
S. Vilhekar and A. Unavane, "Assessment of Household Detergents: A Comparative Study on pH, Solubility, Surface Activity, and Cleaning Action," IJRTI, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. a118-a125, Sep. 2025.
Vancouver — biomedical
Vilhekar S, Unavane A. Assessment of Household Detergents: A Comparative Study on pH, Solubility, Surface Activity, and Cleaning Action. IJRTI. 2025 Sep;10(9):a118-a125.
AMA — 11th edition
Vilhekar S, Unavane A. Assessment of Household Detergents: A Comparative Study on pH, Solubility, Surface Activity, and Cleaning Action. IJRTI. 2025;10(9):a118-a125. Accessed at https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2509014
BibTeX — Zotero, Mendeley, LaTeX
@article{IJRTI2509014,
author = {Swati Vilhekar and Aditya Unavane},
title = {Assessment of Household Detergents: A Comparative Study on pH, Solubility, Surface Activity, and Cleaning Action},
journal = {International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation},
volume = {10},
number = {9},
pages = {a118-a125},
year = {2025},
month = {September},
issn = {2456-3315},
url = {https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2509014}
}
RIS — EndNote, RefWorks
TY - JOUR
AU - Vilhekar, Swati
AU - Unavane, Aditya
TI - Assessment of Household Detergents: A Comparative Study on pH, Solubility, Surface Activity, and Cleaning Action
T2 - International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation
JA - IJRTI
VL - 10
IS - 9
PY - 2025
SN - 2456-3315
UR - https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2509014
SP - a118-a125
ER -
Issue
Volume 10 Issue 9,
September-2025
Pages : a118-a125
Other Publication Details
Paper Reg. ID
IJRTI_206065
Published Paper ID
IJRTI2509014
Downloads
205,733
Research Area
Chemistry
Country
MUMBAI, MAHARASHTRA, India
Published
September 2025
Published Paper PDF
https://ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2509014.pdf
Published Paper URL
https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2509014
About Publisher
International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation
Published by IJRTI (JW Publication)
2456-3315
ISSN
10.57
Impact Factor
2016
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Open
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Impact Factor 10.57 calculated by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar.
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The content, data and findings in this article are based on the authors’ research and have been
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Declarations
Funding
No external funding was received for this study.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the reviewers and the editorial board of International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation for their careful reading and constructive comments, and all colleagues who supported the preparation of this manuscript.
