Multi-Objective Optimization of DG and EV Integration in IEEE Bus Systems Using PSO and GWO

Niraj Mishra , SHASHANK SHUKLA

PVD, PSO, EV, GWO,DG

The move from standard automobiles to electric vehicles relies heavily on limited fossil fuel availability and fears on rising greenhouse gas emissions .More research on As a result, there's been a surge in research interest in determining the optimal placement of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) to support the growing demand for EVs and to facilitate the electrification of transportation systems. Researchers have adopted various approaches, objective functions, and constraints in formulating problems related to EVCS optimization. Some common approaches include mathematical modeling, optimization algorithms, and simulation-based studies. Objective functions may prioritize factors such as infrastructure cost, user convenience, energy efficiency, or environmental impact, depending on the goals of the study. Constraints may include technical limitations, regulatory requirements, spatial constraints, and operational considerations. The surge in demand for electric vehicles (EVs) over the past decade is primarily driven by their potential to reduce CO2 emissions and lower operational costs compared to internal combustion engine vehicles. Projections suggest that widespread adoption of EVs could significantly contribute to reducing CO2 emissions by 2030. However, transitioning to EVs presents challenges, including high upfront costs and limited charging infrastructure availability. The global EV market is expected to experience robust growth, with forecasts indicating a substantial increase in value by 2027. Despite this growth, challenges such as insufficient charging infrastructure persist, particularly as the number of EVs on the roads continues to rise. Integrating EVs into the distribution network introduces various issues, including increased power demand, voltage instability, power loss, and harmonic distortion. Addressing these challenges will require investment in charging infrastructure expansion and upgrades to the distribution network to accommodate the growing number of EVs. Additionally, advanced technologies and smart grid solutions may be necessary to manage EV charging demand effectively and maintain grid stability. Collaboration between industry stakeholders and government entities will be crucial to overcoming these obstacles and facilitating the widespread adoption of EVs.

Volume 10 Issue 8, August-2025

Pages : b1-b10