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Paper Title
THE EFFECT OF STATIC STRETCHING AND PNF HOLD – RELAX STRETCHING ON INCREASING FLEXIBILITY OF SHORTENED HAMSTRING MUSCLE AMONG SEDENTARY LIVING FEMALE STUDENTS”-A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors
Dr. Bharath.M.,MPT1 , M.Dhivya , Dr.Lokesh.R., MPT,(Ph.D)
Keywords
KEYWORDS : Static Stretching, Hold-Relax, hamstring muscle tightness, Active Knee Extension Test, Straight Leg Raise Test, knee extension range
Abstract
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND :
Hamstring muscle plays an important role in functional activities and relaxation. Shortened muscle may hampers the functional activities and goes for muscle tightness and have limited flexibility that leads to reduce in range of motion at joint. The most widely used method for increasing muscle flexibility is stretching.
AIM OF THE STUDY :
The aim of the study is to determine and compare the effect of Static Stretching and PNF Hold-Relax stretching technique on improving hamstring muscle flexibility on sedentary living female population aged between 18-25 years.
MATERIALS AND METHODS :
A total of 50 female students were selected with the age group of 18-25 years living sedentary lifestyle with tightened hamstring muscles with knee extension range >20 degree. The students were randomly divided into two groups namely GROUP A Static Stretching (n=25) and GROUP B PNF Hold – Relax stretching (n=25), based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Active Knee Extension Test (AKE) and Straight Leg Raise Test (SLR) were used as outcome measures.
RESULT :
The mean value of PNF Hold- Relax stretching technique at the post test was found to be higher than the mean value of Static Stretching technique.
CONCLUSION :
Based on the statistical analysis this study concluded that PNF Hold -Relax stretching technique is more effective than Static Stretching technique on improving flexibility of shortened hamstring muscle among sedentary living female students.
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IJRTI — journal style
"THE EFFECT OF STATIC STRETCHING AND PNF HOLD – RELAX STRETCHING ON INCREASING FLEXIBILITY OF SHORTENED HAMSTRING MUSCLE AMONG SEDENTARY LIVING FEMALE STUDENTS”-A COMPARATIVE STUDY", IJRTI - International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2456-3315, Vol.10, Issue 8, page no.a772-a776, August-2025, Available :https://ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2508095.pdf
APA — 7th edition
Dr. Bharath.M., M., M.Dhivya, & Dr.Lokesh.R., M. D. (2025). THE EFFECT OF STATIC STRETCHING AND PNF HOLD – RELAX STRETCHING ON INCREASING FLEXIBILITY OF SHORTENED HAMSTRING MUSCLE AMONG SEDENTARY LIVING FEMALE STUDENTS”-A COMPARATIVE STUDY. International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation, 10(8), a772-a776. https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2508095
MLA — 9th edition
Dr. Bharath.M., MPT1, et al. "THE EFFECT OF STATIC STRETCHING AND PNF HOLD – RELAX STRETCHING ON INCREASING FLEXIBILITY OF SHORTENED HAMSTRING MUSCLE AMONG SEDENTARY LIVING FEMALE STUDENTS”-A COMPARATIVE STUDY." International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation, vol. 10, no. 8, 2025, pp. a772-a776, https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2508095.
Chicago — 17th, bibliography
Dr. Bharath.M., MPT1, M.Dhivya, and MPT,(Ph.D) Dr.Lokesh.R. "THE EFFECT OF STATIC STRETCHING AND PNF HOLD – RELAX STRETCHING ON INCREASING FLEXIBILITY OF SHORTENED HAMSTRING MUSCLE AMONG SEDENTARY LIVING FEMALE STUDENTS”-A COMPARATIVE STUDY." International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation 10, no. 8 (2025): a772-a776. https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2508095.
Harvard — author–date
Dr. Bharath.M., M., M.Dhivya and Dr.Lokesh.R., M.D. (2025) 'THE EFFECT OF STATIC STRETCHING AND PNF HOLD – RELAX STRETCHING ON INCREASING FLEXIBILITY OF SHORTENED HAMSTRING MUSCLE AMONG SEDENTARY LIVING FEMALE STUDENTS”-A COMPARATIVE STUDY', International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation, 10(8), pp. a772-a776. Available at: https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2508095
IEEE — numbered reference
M. Dr. Bharath.M., M.Dhivya and M. D. Dr.Lokesh.R., "THE EFFECT OF STATIC STRETCHING AND PNF HOLD – RELAX STRETCHING ON INCREASING FLEXIBILITY OF SHORTENED HAMSTRING MUSCLE AMONG SEDENTARY LIVING FEMALE STUDENTS”-A COMPARATIVE STUDY," IJRTI, vol. 10, no. 8, pp. a772-a776, Aug. 2025.
Vancouver — biomedical
Dr. Bharath.M. M, M.Dhivya, Dr.Lokesh.R. MD. THE EFFECT OF STATIC STRETCHING AND PNF HOLD – RELAX STRETCHING ON INCREASING FLEXIBILITY OF SHORTENED HAMSTRING MUSCLE AMONG SEDENTARY LIVING FEMALE STUDENTS”-A COMPARATIVE STUDY. IJRTI. 2025 Aug;10(8):a772-a776.
AMA — 11th edition
Dr. Bharath.M. M, M.Dhivya, Dr.Lokesh.R. MD. THE EFFECT OF STATIC STRETCHING AND PNF HOLD – RELAX STRETCHING ON INCREASING FLEXIBILITY OF SHORTENED HAMSTRING MUSCLE AMONG SEDENTARY LIVING FEMALE STUDENTS”-A COMPARATIVE STUDY. IJRTI. 2025;10(8):a772-a776. Accessed at https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2508095
BibTeX — Zotero, Mendeley, LaTeX
@article{IJRTI2508095,
author = {MPT1 Dr. Bharath.M. and M.Dhivya and MPT,(Ph.D) Dr.Lokesh.R.},
title = {THE EFFECT OF STATIC STRETCHING AND PNF HOLD – RELAX STRETCHING ON INCREASING FLEXIBILITY OF SHORTENED HAMSTRING MUSCLE AMONG SEDENTARY LIVING FEMALE STUDENTS”-A COMPARATIVE STUDY},
journal = {International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation},
volume = {10},
number = {8},
pages = {a772-a776},
year = {2025},
month = {August},
issn = {2456-3315},
url = {https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2508095}
}
RIS — EndNote, RefWorks
TY - JOUR
AU - Dr. Bharath.M., MPT1
AU - M.Dhivya
AU - Dr.Lokesh.R., MPT,(Ph.D)
TI - THE EFFECT OF STATIC STRETCHING AND PNF HOLD – RELAX STRETCHING ON INCREASING FLEXIBILITY OF SHORTENED HAMSTRING MUSCLE AMONG SEDENTARY LIVING FEMALE STUDENTS”-A COMPARATIVE STUDY
T2 - International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation
JA - IJRTI
VL - 10
IS - 8
PY - 2025
SN - 2456-3315
UR - https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2508095
SP - a772-a776
ER -
Issue
Volume 10 Issue 8,
August-2025
Pages : a772-a776
Other Publication Details
Paper Reg. ID
IJRTI_205788
Published Paper ID
IJRTI2508095
Downloads
205,611
Research Area
Health ScienceÂ
Country
chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu, INDIA
Published
August 2025
Published Paper PDF
https://ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2508095.pdf
Published Paper URL
https://ijrti.org/viewpaperforall.php?paper=IJRTI2508095
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International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation
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2456-3315
ISSN
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Declarations
Funding
No external funding was received for this study.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the reviewers and the editorial board of International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation for their careful reading and constructive comments, and all colleagues who supported the preparation of this manuscript.
