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Pre-monsoon (April -June), monsoon (July – September) and post-monsoon (October- December) seasonal variations of coliform bacteria, along with some physico-chemical properties like pH, temperature, DO and BOD of different banks of Hooghly River (Ganga) in the district North 24 Parganas, West Bengal were studied for three years (2022-2024). Data analysis showed that different banks of the river were mostly affected by fecal coliforms in 105 – 106 range. Dakhineswar bank of the Ganga River was found to be most contaminated with fecal coliforms, followed by Baro mandir river bank of Sodepur and Nababgunj river bank of North Barackpore in monsoon season. The plate count exhibited average 102 fold higher coliform in every monsoon in comparison to other seasons. The average DO and BOD levels in all the river banks exceeded the BIS standard of 5 mg/L and 3 mg/L respectively. Highest concentration of multiple heavy metal resistant coliform was found in the Dakhineswar river bank (MIC 750 μg/mL for Pb, 250 μg/mL for Zn, 100 μg/mL for Cd and 500 μg/mL for Cr respectively), followed by Sodepur baro mandir river bank (MIC 250 μg/mL for Pb, 100 μg/mL for Zn, 100 μg/mL for Cd and 500 μg/mL for Cr respectively).
Keywords:
Seasonal variation, Ganga river, coliform, BOD, heavy metal
Cite Article:
"Seasonal Variation of physico-chemical and microbiological properties in different banks of Ganga (Hooghly) River in West Bengal", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.10, Issue 6, page no.a585-a594, June-2025, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2506067.pdf
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ISSN:
2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator