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Drug targeting is a type of phenomenon in which a drug is distributed in the
body in such a way that the drug interacts with the target tissue at the cellular or
subcellular level to achieve the desired therapeutic response at the desired site
without unwanted interactions at other sites. This can be achieved by modern
methods of drug delivery system targeting such as niosomes. Niosomes are a
type of non-ionic surfactant vesicles that are biodegradable, non-toxic, more
stable and cheaper, which is a new approach to liposomes. Their structure is
similar to liposomes and therefore they may represent alternative vesicular
systems to liposomes. Niosomes tend to load different types of drugs. This
review article presents niosome structure, advantages, disadvantages, niosome
preparation methods and characterization of pharmaceutical NSVs. The concept
of a drug delivery system refers to the process of administering pharmaceutical
compounds at a predetermined rate to achieve a therapeutic effect in humans or
animals at the site of disease while simultaneously reducing the concentration of
the drug in surrounding tissues. The localized action of the drug increases the
effectiveness of the drug and reduces systemic toxic effects on tissues. Paul
Ehrlich proposed the idea of targeted delivery directly to a diseased cell without
harming healthy cells in 1909, and this strategy was known as the "magic
bullet". Since then, a variety of drug carrier systems have emerged, including
immunoglobulins, serum proteins, synthetic polymers, liposomes, microspheres,
and niosomes. Among these systems, liposomes and niosomes are well-
documented vesicular drug delivery systems. In general, a vesicular system is a
drug delivery platform that enables efficient bioavailability of drugs through the
controlled release of therapeutic drugs over extended periods of time. Vesicles
consist of bilayered amphiphilic molecules that surround an aqueous
compartment. Niosomes are vesicles of nonionic surfactant (for example, alkyl
ester and alkyl ether) and cholesterol that act as a carrier for amphiphilic and
lipophilic drugs. Niosomes improve the therapeutic efficacy of encapsulated
drug molecules by protecting the drug from the harsh biological environment,
resulting in their delayed clearance New drug development is both time-
consuming and expensive.
Keywords:
Niosomes, Liposomes, Non-ionic surfactants, Drug delivery, Nanocarriers, Encapsulation technology
Cite Article:
"NIOSOMES: A REVIEW OF THEIR STRUCTURE, PROPERTIES, METHODS OF PREPARATION, AND MEDICAL APPLICATIONS", International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation (www.ijrti.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.8, Issue 5, page no.441 - 447, May-2023, Available :http://www.ijrti.org/papers/IJRTI2305069.pdf
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2456-3315 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.14 Calculated By Google Scholar| ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.14 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator